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Beware of Increasing HIV Cases in Indonesia
In 2023, cases of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in Indonesia will increase. Based on data from the Ministry of Health, transmission of cases is dominated by housewives, reaching 35%. One of the contributing factors is due to knowledge of prevention and the low impact of the disease and having partners with risky sexual behavior.
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Housewives infected with HIV are at high risk of transmitting the virus to their children. Transmission can occur in the womb, during the birth process, or during breastfeeding. In general, HIV transmission through the mother-to-child route accounts for 20%-45% of all other sources of HIV transmission, such as through sex, needles and unsafe blood transfusions.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks the immune system. Infection with this virus can reduce the ability of human immunity to fight foreign objects in the body, which in the terminal stage of infection can cause Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV is a virus that attacks white blood cells in the body (lymphocytes) resulting in a decrease in human immunity. People who have the HIV virus in their blood can appear healthy and do not necessarily need treatment. However, that person can transmit the virus to others.
HIV transmission can be through:
1. Sexual contact with an HIV-infected person
2. Using shared needles infected with HIV, such as syringes, piercing tools, tattoo tools
3. From an HIV-infected mother to her baby during pregnancy, during childbirth, or while breastfeeding
4. Transfusion of blood or other blood products (contaminated with the HIV virus)
While HIV is not transmitted through:
1. Using eating and drinking utensils, clothing, and toilets with people who are infected with HIV
2. Touching, hugging, and shaking hands with people who are infected with HIV
3. Drooling
4. Mosquito/insect bites
5. Live at home with someone who is infected with HIV
6. Swimming with people who are infected with HIV
Prevention of HIV transmission can be done by means of ABCDE:
A: Abstinence – Abstinence from sex or not having risky sex or being unmarried
B: Be faithfull – Be faithful to your partner
C: Condom – Prevent HIV transmission through sexual intercourse by using a condom
D: no Drug – Do not use drugs and avoid sharing unsterile needles
E: Education – Provision of correct education and information about HIV, one of which is at the nearest health service
The way to find out someone is infected with HIV is by having a blood test/HIV test at a health service. As a form of commitment to ending the HIV endemic by 2030, the Ministry of Health (Kemenkes) is making efforts to tackle HIV-AIDS by taking the fast track 95-95-95, meaning that it reaches the target indicator of 95% of the estimated people living with HIV (ODHIV) whose HIV status is known , 95% of people living with HIV are treated and 95% of people with HIV who are treated have viral suppression.
Strengthening the 95-95-95 strategy is carried out by intensifying health promotion, efforts to prevent risky behavior, case finding (screening, testing, tracing) and case management. Not only that, the Ministry of Health also included the HIV-AIDS control strategy as part of the Minimum Service Standards at Health Facilities.
Tag:Health
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